Laptop won't boot into windows 10 after update

Let's figure out what steps to take if Windows 10 does not start in various situations: black screen, error, PC did not start correctly, Boot Failure and other boot problems operating system.

The main thing when a problem occurs is to remember what happened to the system before the last shutdown or reboot. Perhaps the error is caused by installing a program, updating the BIOS or Windows 10, adding a new device, malware activity, or the appearance of bad sectors on the hard drive.

Before you do anything, keep in mind that following some of the instructions can not only improve the situation, but also significantly worsen it, so be prepared for any turn of events in an attempt to return Windows to a working state.

Black screen

There are a couple of factors that cause the cursor to appear on a black background:

• malware interfered with the work of the explorer;
• Something is wrong with the video card drivers.

For the first case, a separate article has been written about solving the problem with a black screen. In short, you need to start Explorer, and then scan your computer for viruses and unwanted software, which, most likely, has replaced the explorer.exe file that is responsible for the work GUI Windows.

1. Hold down Ctrl+Alt+Del or open the start context menu.

3. Through the "File" menu item, launch a new "explorer" task.

4. In the same way, or through the "Run" line (Win + R), we execute the "regedit" command.

5. Expand the HKLM branch.

6. Go to the Software section.

8. In the Winlogon folder, find the parameter called Shell and double-click on it.

This key is responsible for launching the graphical shell, which is probably replaced by a virus.

9. Change its value to explorer or explorer.exe and save the changes.

If you are using a multi-display system, or if you also have a TV connected to your computer, you need to do the following to correct the situation.

1. On the lock screen, press Backspace to delete it.
2. We log in by clicking "Enter".
3. When using a secure account or a Microsoft account, switch the keyboard layout to the desired one and enter the password blindly.
4. We wait about a minute until the system boots up completely (it all depends on the speed of the PC, the OS configuration and the speed of its startup).
5. We call the projection dialog (screen display options) for several displays using Win + P.
6. Press the button "cursor right" (sometimes "cursor down").
7. Press "Enter".

This function will duplicate the image on both monitors, which guarantees the appearance of the picture on the second display, if the problem lay in this.

OS takes a long time to load

After prolonged use, the operating system naturally starts to work more slowly. If the download of "dozens" has become unbearably long, you need to put things in order in the startup list.

1. We call the "Task Manager" through Win → X.

3. Remove all programs that are not needed at startup through the context menu.

This can significantly reduce the boot time of the operating system.

Additionally, you can defragment the system volume.

1. Open the "Properties" of the C:\ drive.

2. Go to the "Service" tab and click "Optimize".

3. Select the system partition and click "Optimize" again.

Additionally, you should clean the system disk from junk files, and the registry from erroneous keys. CCleaner is the best for this.

Failures after the next update

There were no more problems after installing updates than in Windows 10 with any operating system. In this case, the conflict is resolved by an elementary rollback of the system to its previous state, if the option to create rollback points is activated when making changes to the Windows registry and in case of modifying its system files.

1. We reboot the computer using Reset.

2. After the self-test, press F8 several times to bring up the system recovery menu.

3. We click on the "Diagnostics" icon.

4. We visit additional parameters, where we select the item "System Restore".

6. Select the last rollback point or the state before the problem appeared.

In a few minutes a new version Windows 10 will be replaced with an older one in preboot mode.

"Computer did not start correctly" error

The appearance of the "Automatic Repair" window indicates damage to some system files by erasing them, modifying them, or damaging the sectors in which the files are stored.

One way to solve the problem is to call additional parameters. In the window with their list, click "Boot Options", then - "Restart".

After restarting the system, press "6" or "F6" to boot into safe mode with command line support.

We sequentially enter and execute the commands:

1. sfc /scannow
2. dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
3. shutdown -r.

As a result, all system files will be checked, and if there are damaged ones, they will be restored.

PC randomly shuts down after Windows 10 logo appears

The problem is in many ways similar to the previous one, but it cannot be solved by calling the recovery environment, this will require a distribution kit with installation files "dozens".

After creating a bootable flash drive or recovery disk, we boot from it and do everything as in the previous case: we call “Advanced Options” and reboot into safe mode with the command line.

Errors with An operating system wasn't found and Boot Failure messages

A black background with white text that boot is not possible and a suggestion to check boot device priority or insert bootable media indicates an incorrect boot device sequence in the BIOS / UEFI.

Correct prioritization in the list of boot devices will help get rid of the error in both cases. To do this, we reboot and go into the BIOS, visit the menu Boot Device Priority, Boot Options or something else with the word Boot. As the main boot device, select HDD with the operating system and save the new settings.

If after all Windows 10 does not start, check the performance of the hard drive: is it detected in the BIOS, is the cable damaged.

INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE

The error indicates that the operating system loader did not gain access to the Windows 10 disk due to a change in its file system, the appearance of bad sectors in which system files are written, or physical / logical defects with the volume or hard drive. This can be caused, for example, by partition manipulation via ATI.

One of the solutions to the problem is to boot the PC in the "Advanced Options" mode or start the PC from the recovery disk or installation flash drive in order to call the command line (both cases are described above). How to determine the system volume is also said. Knowing its letter label, in the command line window we execute the command "chkdsk C: / r" to scan system files in order to repair damaged ones.

Try to keep the image ready Windows systems 10 with all pre-installed software for quick reinstallation of the OS in critical situations when the above tips do not help solve the problem.

And so, you have a pleasant evening at the computer - play, chat, surf the net, and Windows quickly executes your commands. Everything is great! Idyll! However, do not think that this will always be the case. Know: the insidious Windows is preparing a trick for you. She is just waiting for the moment when some urgent business overtakes you in order to ... show you a fig. More precisely - do not boot.

Windows boot failure is an ordinary phenomenon, but according to the law of meanness, it usually happens when a computer is really needed. So that the situation does not take you by surprise, it is important to prepare for it in advance. Let's talk about what to do if Windows 10 does not load, why this happens and what each user should have in order to solve this problem as quickly as possible.

Why is it not loading

The reasons for the unloadability of the "dozens" are software and hardware. Software related to the removal (damage) of boot and system files and / or registry keys responsible for starting. "> As a rule, they are to blame:

• Installing another operating system on another partition of the drive (the new OS replaces the bootloader with the old one).
• Experiments with disk partitions - compression, merging, splitting, formatting, and more. A typical mistake, which is just a consequence of this, is “ Bootmgriscompressed' (the bootloader is compressed).
• Unskilled editing by hands of the system registry.
• The use of various "cleaners-tweakers" to speed up and decorate the system, which "accidentally" change the registry keys responsible for starting, patch files, etc.
• Incorrectly got up windows updates or turning off the PC during the installation of updates.
• Viruses and antiviruses. Don't be surprised, the latter can do just as much harm as the former if used thoughtlessly. It's like swallowing pills indiscriminately, hoping that among them will be the right one.
• Faulty hardware drivers. Loading in such cases is usually interrupted by a blue screen of death, sometimes indicating the name of the driver that caused the problem.
• "Clumsy" applications in autorun. In this case, the failure occurs at the later stages of loading - shortly before the appearance of the desktop.

Hardware reasons for not starting Windows 10:

• Changing the order of polling bootable media in the BIOS (the computer is looking for a Windows bootloader not on system drive, but, for example, on flash drives).
• Plugging a drive into a different port on the motherboard it was previously working on - if the drive failed after being removed and reinstalled hard drive into the computer. Manifested by the error INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE on the blue screen of death.
• Faulty or bad connection of the system drive. Often manifested by the message " Bootmgrismissing” (bootloader unavailable) on a black screen. Sometimes - stops, restarts, BSoDs at any stage of loading.

• RAM failure. As with disk problems, it manifests itself with reboots and blue screens at any stage of startup.
• Failure of video subsystem elements. Windows may boot, but you won't see it because the screen will remain black. Sometimes the fact that the system has booted up can only be recognized by a characteristic sound.
• Other hardware problems, such as a malfunction of the power supply, motherboard, peripherals, etc.

Better prepare for the worst

Since 80-90% of cases of non-starting Windows 10 are due to software failures, today's article is devoted to methods of dealing with them.

So, in order to restore the normal start of Windows, the computer must be loaded into the recovery environment. If you have previously used Windows 7, then you know that this very environment is installed on disk along with the main system. And in order to enter it, you need to open the menu of additional boot methods (by pressing F8 after turning on the computer) and go to the section " Troubleshooting».

The top ten also has a recovery environment, but since its boot time has significantly decreased compared to Windows 7, the interval when you can call the boot menu has also become much shorter. The chance to have time to press the desired key at this time (more precisely, the combination of F8 and Shift) remained only in one case: if the system is installed on an MBR standard hard disk and the fast start option is disabled in the power settings of the PC or laptop. If the system is on an SSD or GPT hard drive, you will need bootable media.

For disaster recovery of Windows 10, it is optimal to keep its official distribution on a DVD or flash drive, and the same bit depth as installed on a PC. As an alternative, you can use the boot utility package MS DaRT 10 (Microsoft Diagnostic and Recovery Toolset for Windows 10 ).

Distributions of MS DaRT (in the past they were called "ERD Commander") are officially distributed only by paid subscription, but they are easy to find on the net. For example, on torrent trackers. Windows images 10 are available for download from the Microsoft website.

As an example, I will use the home release of the “tens”, recorded on a bootable USB flash drive, since it has everything you need.

Booting into the Windows 10 Recovery Environment

In the event of a download blockage, the “ten”, as a rule, tries to recover itself. When she succeeds, the user does not receive any notifications, it just takes longer to start the computer than usual. If it fails, a message may appear on the screen, as in the screenshot below, but more often it will just be “Malevich's square” with or without a cursor, or a blue screen of death with a sad emoticon.

The failure option shown in the screenshot can be considered relatively favorable. Clicking, " Extra options» you will be taken to the recovery environment installed on your hard drive, and you will not have to boot into it from external media. But we will consider a more severe case, when the system does not show any signs of life.

Connect the media to your computer, reboot, and make it the first boot device.

The window that you will see first after booting from a USB flash drive (DVD) will prompt you to select the system language. If Russian is selected, click " Further».

Next, you will be prompted to proceed with the installation or Windows recovery. Click " System Restore».

On the screen " Choice of action» click « Troubleshooting". Here you are right there.

tens launch recovery options

In the recovery options section (screen " Extra options”), there are 5 subsections:

• System Restore. Selecting this option launches the standard Windows utility rstrui.exe, the purpose of which is to roll back the system to one of the saved checkpoints.
• Restoring a system image. Launches the Windows Deployment Wizard from a native OS backup.
• Boot recovery. Fixes errors in boot files and partitions.
• Command line. Allows you to run various system utilities.
• Revert to a previous build. Rolls back to a previously installed OS version if it has been upgraded to Windows 10.

Rollback to checkpoint

Reverting to a newly created checkpoint is the best first aid for all kinds of system failures, including when you don't know the cause.

Clicking on the first item launches, most likely, the recovery utility you already know. It is enough to select the date and time for which you want to rollback, and follow the instructions on the screen.

To use this option, you must have at least one saved checkpoint and a properly functioning system restore function. If the latter was disabled before the failure, skip this step and try other methods.

Boot recovery

This option effectively helps in case of damage or deletion of boot files, for example, when installing an additional OS on a different disk partition after Windows 10. As well as in case of accidental formatting or other manipulations with the System Reserved partition.

Command line

The command line itself doesn't restore anything, but it does give you the ability to run other tools. So, with its help, we can open Windows Explorer to see the location of the installation (partition letters in the recovery environment and during normal system boot usually do not match), run the system file error fixer, registry editor and bootloader recovery utilities

If the rollback to the checkpoint and auto-recovery at startup (the first and second options) did not give the desired result, the console utility often helps to increase the load of the "dozens" BCDBoot. It recreates the hidden "System Reserved" partition and copies the boot files from the Windows directory to it.

For BCDBoot to work correctly, you must specify the location of the Windows folder on your hard drive. To find out, you can use the utility diskpart, but I think it's more convenient to do this through the explorer.

So, to get into the explorer, open the command line and run notepad in it ( notepad).

While in notepad, go to the menu " File”, choose “ Open' and go to the folder ' This computer". Next, let's go through the partitions of the disk and determine which of them contains the system directory. In my example, this is drive D

Then we return to the command line and execute the instruction:

BCDboot D:\Windows

note, your path to the system folder may be different.

In 80% of cases, this is enough for the "ten" to be able to start normally. But in about 20% of cases, the command does not work correctly - it does not restore all boot files. To help the utility a little, before executing the instructions in command line you need to format the reserved boot partition (in my example, drive C) in FAT32. This can also be done using diskpart, but I find it more convenient to use File Explorer.

The following two console commands recreate the boot records for the entire drive (MBR) and the system partition (VBR). They are used to solve problems with starting Windows on MBR disks.

Execute the commands one after the other in this order:

bootrec /fixmbr

bootrec /fixboot

If you accidentally complete them on GPT disk, nothing bad will happen.

In some cases, startup problems arise due to damage not to boot, but to the main system files, for example, after a virus attack. As you may know, there is a special utility for fixing them in Windows. Sfc.exe. So, thanks to the command line, it can also be run in the recovery environment.

The command to find and fix errors in protected system files in the recovery environment looks like this:

sfc /scannow /offbootdir=D:\ /offwindir=D:\

Parameter offbootdir defines the location of the main boot partition (in my example, as you remember, this is drive D), and offwindir– path to the system folder.

Using the command line, you can also fix registry errors on an unbootable system. But, unlike the previous instructions, this requires certain experience and qualifications, because the user needs to know exactly what to correct and how the erroneous entries should look normal.

I will not dwell on registry errors that cause Windows 10 to fail to boot, as this is the topic of a separate large article. I will describe only the method of launching the editor regedit.exe in the recovery environment and open the registry files in it so that you have the opportunity to fix the errors that you know about.

So, to start the editor, we write the word on the command line regedit and press Enter.

You will see that some kind of registry is already present in the utility window that opens, but not the one you need. Before us is our own recovery environment registry, and we are interested in the main system.

To load Windows 10 registry files into RegEdit, select the section in the left half of the editor window HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE or HKEY_USERS, open the menu File” and click the item “ Download hive».

In the explorer window that opens after that, go to the folder D:\Windows\System32\config(your drive letter may be different) and select the desired file.

Files without an extension in the \System32\Config folder are the components (bushes) of the Windows 10 registry. The main ones are circled.

Give the hive any friendly name (it will be temporary until you unload it) and click OK.

Next, open the section into which we loaded the bush, and here it is in front of us, available for editing. In my example, this is the registry file software, which I temporarily renamed to soft_win_10.

After making edits, go back to the editor menu " File» and press « Unload bush».

Revert to a previous build

This recovery method is available for a short time (10-30 days, depending on the license terms) after updating Windows 7 or 8 to Windows 10. It is possible only if the files of the previous OS are saved, which are placed in the Windows.old folder.

When reverting to a previously installed build, the user's personal files will remain intact, but everything done after the upgrade will be undone.

Restoring a system image

Restoring an image from a backup helps to restore the system to working capacity in case of any problems, but the problem is that almost no one creates these images.

If you are an exception to the rule and a happy owner of a relatively fresh backup, select the item marked in the screenshot in the list of options,

tell the recovery program where to store the image and follow its instructions.

All data of an inoperable OS will be replaced with healthy copies from the archive. If it contains user files, this will also affect them.

Operating systems from Microsoft sometimes fail. A situation in which Win 10 does not start can catch the user at any time. And this happens for reasons that are not always obvious. And it is not clear what to do in this case.

Possible problems

For any systemic problem, there must be a solution. This also applies to situations where the "top ten" does not start. The first step is always to restart your computer several times. Oddly enough, the method works very often. Then you need to reset the BIOS settings to the original ones. Since the menu interface can vary greatly (it depends on the firmware version and motherboard manufacturer), there is no universal procedure. Look at the instructions for the computer and do everything according to it.

And now let's dwell on three errors that Windows 10 users see most often. Basically, to solve them, you need to perform a system restore using boot disk. But there are other troubleshooting options.

Error 1: The computer did not start correctly

If Win 10 does not boot, but an error occurs "The computer did not start correctly" on a blue background, or something similar, then there is a problem with the integrity of system files.

Most likely, they were corrupted as a result of user actions or software failure. Even an antivirus can cause a problem.

In this case, the first thing to do is restart your PC. It is likely that the OS will handle the recovery on its own if the data corruption is not serious. Otherwise, a manual system rollback will be required. How to do it, read the next section.

Error 2: PC turns off after Windows 10 logo

If Win 10 does not boot after the logo appears, then this indicates an unsuccessful correction of the computer configuration in automatic mode.

The system detected a serious failure, tried to fix it, but failed. A full start of the computer in this case is impossible. What then to do?

The solution is to restore the OS. But it is impossible to perform it by regular means of the system. Requires creation.

When it is ready, you need to change the boot order in the BIOS, putting the optical drive in the first place. Insert the disc with the system image into the computer and reboot it. After a while, the installation window will appear. On the bottom left, find the restore item and activate it. Then select a control point and follow the text instructions.

Error 3: Boot Failure (sometimes the wording An operating system…)

Such failures happen for two reasons: incorrect BIOS settings, in particular, the boot order, and damage to the bootloader. And what to do if Windows 10 does not start, displaying given error. In the first case, you must enter the Setup menu. To do this, you need to press a special key when the system boots. It is listed on the title screen when you turn on the PC. Most often, this is F2 or Delete.

The BIOS menu interface varies greatly depending on the motherboard model and firmware version. In any case, you need to find the parameter where the device boot order is set, in the first place there should be a hard drive with the system.

If this does not give the desired results, then important components are damaged, in particular, the bootloader. In this case, it will help.